This is never going to work as you cannot clone an operating system drive to another drive on the same system and then successfully boot from that drive if you put it as the primary.
First of all, only one partition can be set "Active" in a system, and the boot partition must be the active one unless you use a boot manager in which case it is the boot manager partition that is the active one.
Secondly, you may well find that the boot.ini file on the cloned drive is all messed up - this has to be spot on for the boot to work.
The correct way to try and clone a system drive is to image it to an external drive, then replace the source drive with the new drive, so that it is in the "primary" slot, and finally write the image back to this drive.
There are of course remaining issues over drivers - but I will assume that the PATA port on your system is a regular AT interface and does not require drivers to be installed during the command line phase of a manual XP install.
Incidentally, I just imaged a Vista laptop last week with Ghost 2003 running from a WinPE bootable hard disk, so I don't consider this old program to be incompatible with modern hardware as long as your boot environment is up to date. If you are trying to use PCDOS - forget it, you need WinPE as PCDOS has no support for SATA.