If the drive decryption did complete succesfully from the Recovery CD. You could use a third party file recovery utility. There are various freeware ones you can find on the internet (Recuva, File Scavenger, Testdisk, photorec). If you take it into a data recovery place they will typically charge around $500 or more but if the data is that important to you they can assist with helping you recover it.
I suspect also that there could be more than one bad sector on the disk drive and this has caused corruption of the filesystem.
A utility such as sprinrite is great in these types of situations to try and find the bad sectors and repair corruption on the disk (if its possible).
http://www.grc.com/sr/whatitdoes.htm