Once again Zeus is up to its old tricks with a new twist. The latest spam run informs users that their latest Social Security statement is available but it may contain errors. The subject of the mail will be something like “Review annual Social Security statement“ and the body warns of a potential identity theft risk and asks you to review your annual statement at the link they provide.
Figure 1. An example of the Spam
If you follow this link you will arrive at the following page:
I had the honor recently of moderating a virtual roundtable discussion on the top Internet security trends from 2009 and what we expect to see in the security threat landscape in 2010. Funny thing about security predictions—you hope they won’t come true, but expect them to anyway. The roundtable featured expert panelists Paul Wood (Senior Analyst, MessageLabs Intelligence, Symantec) and Zulfikar Ramzan (Technical Director, Symantec Security Response). They each have unique insights into the world of cybercrime, spam, phishing attacks, and other cyberthreats that plague us all.
We want to give a big thanks to everyone who joined in to listen to our experts, and we hope you found it interesting. For those of you who couldn’t make it, please take a few minutes to listen to the podcast of the actual roundtable.
We are monitoring new malicious attacks that look similar to the fake "Microsoft Outlook reconfigure" spam campaign messages we have been observing for the last couple of months. That malicious campaign was followed by attacks on social networking sites, transforming from malicious code attacks into URL-based phishing attacks. These new attacks have similar traits, such as the spoofed “From” headers, which aggressively target and baffle enterprise users, and a subject line that is intended to cause panic (for obvious reasons—have a look at the example image below).
As seen in the message above, the mail attachment is a zipped file named “utility.zip” that extracts an executable detected as Trojan.Dropper by Symantec antivirus. Using...
Zeus is a botnet package that allows for the easy creation and command and control of a botnet. We've discussed Zeus previously in Zeus, King of the Underground Crimeware Toolkits. The main purpose of Zeus is to steal online credentials such as online banking passwords, but it can be configured to steal passwords from any online site.
Today, the BBC is reporting that police in the UK have arrested two suspects in relation to Zeus. While the details are preliminary, the two likely appear to be users of the Zeus botnet package rather than the actual creators, and thus the prevalence and usage of Zeus is likely to continue.
We've created a research paper providing more in-depth information on Zeus, including how the bot is created, what functionality it has, and additional screenshots on...
Yes, it’s a cheap trick and not even close to original. But the lesson here is that even obvious social engineering tricks can get people to click on a link. We can’t help ourselves. We love to click. Clicking on links and attachments that are accompanied by just the slightest bit of social engineering appears to be a basic human need. I expect it to show up in a revision of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs any day now—behind love, but certainly ahead of safety.
I do have a point to all this. Two actually. As we compiled the Security Trends to Watch in 2010, what occurred to me is that the people who most needed to read this information never will. At least not without some social engineering on my part. And since social engineering plays such a prominent role in future trends, it seemed appropriate. So I’ve decided to use this little trick to get people to...
The Security Response team has compiled the top security trends of 2009. We pulled data from the Global Intelligence Network and the experiences of the thousands of analysts and security experts at Symantec to come up with the top trends for the year. While none of these trends will be a surprise to anyone even casually following the threat landscape, when compiled and summarized, it is clear that the breadth of security problems in the past year was pretty stunning.
For example:
• Toolkits and threat recycling have made malware easier to create than ever
• Polymorphic technology is being applied to make threats harder to catch
• Botnets, large and small, are used as the foundation of attacks making most attacks complex
• All major news events are used for social engineering
• Major brands are being appropriated by cybercriminals...
Finally, some help with explaining Internet security to my non-geek friends! The Guide to Scary Internet Stuff video series will hopefully make my life a little easier. Explaining the intricacies of Internet security is a challenging task. I often have difficulty explaining to my non-technical friends and relatives why they need to know about risks on the Internet. On top of that, I sometimes discover that my advice has fallen on deaf ears as I inevitably fix their computers after a click on a spam or phishing link, or after they have not run Windows Update or updated their antivirus software in a while.
Although this is not the normal technical type of material that we post here on the Security Response blog, when Dominic Cook from our UK PR team showed me these, I immediately thought they were worth a post. The animations are fun, but most of all I think my friends will understand them, remember some of the advice,...
When trawling the Web today we came across a website that has been compromised and rigged so that it is returned in search engine results for many different search terms. The site in question belongs to a UK-based company that specializes in hiring out holiday homes and is a legitimate business. However, the site has been compromised and is being used in a major ongoing SEO-based misleading applications attack, and has been for some time now. As you can see in the sample search results below, you may wonder what college football, a Ukraine vs. Greece soccer match, Penn State basketball, and Robin Williams have to do with renting a holiday home—and with good reason, too.
The key to identifying malicious pages in the search results is...
The first iPhone worm, known as iPhoneOS.Ikee, recently hit the news everywhere. The purpose of this worm was to show that jailbroken iPhones had a flaw that could be easily exploited. The consequences of this worm were minor since the author decided to simply Rickroll users who became victims of this attack. However, there were many warnings that the publicly released code could easily be altered so that consequences were not so benign.
Given the implications—and this being a hot topic—reports are surfacing about a hacktool that can be used to attack jailbroken iPhones. This tool is taking advantage of the same default SSH password that iPhoneOS.Ikee does, but put plainly, this is not another worm. We’re looking at...
In a nutshell, Clampi is an Infostealer threat. Its executable can be seen as a host for separate modules, containing the real payloads of the threat. These modules are heavily protected from reverse-engineering as well. The functionalities range from banking-site password stealing, to local credential gathering, to a SOCKS proxy. The communication with Clampi’s command & control servers, the “Gates”, uses HTTP and is encrypted. Clampi...
On the heels of a similar iPhone attack by a Dutch teenager, an Australian hacker (using the same technique) has written the first iPhone worm for jailbroken iPhones. The worm has been dubbed “Ikee” and uses the default SSH password of jailbroken iPhones to log in and spread. Please note that this worm does not impact iPhones that have not been jailbroken.
Many users who have jailbroken their iPhones in order to customize them have not changed their SSH password, allowing others to log in to their phone. In the case of Ikee, the worm scans random IP ranges and also specifically targets Optus, Vodafone, and Telstra's IP ranges, which are the common telephony providers in Australia. Once a vulnerable iPhone is found, the worm changes the wallpaper to a picture of Rick Astley (a prank known as Rickrolling), deletes the SSH daemon, and begins scanning the network for other vulnerable phones. Note that some of these telephony networks use NAT (network...
The Fragus exploit pack showed up on our radar a few months ago and has been steadily growing to become one of the most prevalent exploit packs being seen in the wild today by Symantec. It is similar to other popular exploit packs available—such as Unique, YES, Eleonore, and Liberty—but it brings some new and interesting features with it. Exploit packages are generally designed as a means to allow attackers to group and serve exploits from their website against the browsers of unsuspecting visitors. It is done in a nice GUI form, hosted on a Web server, and allows the attacker to generally choose which exploits to run. Once exploited, a final payload is served to the system. All of this is dished up in a control panel with some nice statistics on how successful the campaign has been.
Threats targeting the Macintosh platform are much less common than those targeting Windows. The same can be said about video games, where Windows is the dominate platform of the two. Combining games and malware has happened before, but a Mac game performing malicious activities? That’s something relatively new.
Takashi Katsuki, one of our Tokyo engineers, came across just that today. The game looks to be a throw-back to the classic Space Invaders/Galaga style of games from the early 1980s. However, what brings this game into the realm of malicious code is that for every alien ship you destroy, the game deletes a file from your home directory.
Symantec recently reported a malicious spam campaign against Facebook, which is now accompanied by a phishing attack. These messages look like an official Facebook invite or password reset confirmation mail.
If we place the cursor over the update button in the message, we can actually see the phishing URL in the status bar. If a user clicks on the “Update” button, he or she is redirected to a Facebook look-alike phishing site. Here, users are asked to enter a password to complete the update procedure. Unfortunately, the user’s password will be stolen if they try to log in on this page.
These attacks can be identified by the subject lines listed below:
Facebook account update
New login system
Facebook Update tool
Sure we have heard a lot about bots and botnets. One key component of a botnet is the command-and-control (C&C) server, which as we know can come in several flavours (IRC, Web pages, newsgroups, custom servers, etc.). Yet, here comes Trojan.Whitewell, which, being tired of old C&C channels, decides to pick up Facebook as a coordinator for the C&C server. I use the word “coordinator” because the Trojan only receives some configuration data from its Facebook account—the actual command execution and data reporting is done through a third party Web server.
The Trojan was sent through a popular malware distribution channel that is also related to other prevalent threats such as Trojan.Bredolab. The distribution technique is pretty simple: they send documents (PDF, or MS Office formats) containing exploits for known vulnerabilities. These documents usually...
