W32.Gaobot.ADV

Risk Level 2: Low

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Discovered: April 22, 2004

Updated: February 13, 2007 12:21:50 PM

Type: Worm

Systems Affected: Windows 2000, Windows NT, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP

When W32.Gaobot.ADV runs, it does the following:

Copies itself to the %System% folder. The file name may vary.

For example, it may copy itself as %System%\nwiz.exe.

Note: %System% is a variable. The worm locates the System folder and copies itself to that location. By default, this is C:\Windows\System (Windows 95/98/Me), C:\Winnt\System32 (Windows NT/2000), or C:\Windows\System32 (Windows XP).
Adds the value:
- "Norton Wizzard"="nwiz.exe"
- Or a value that refers to the file copied by the worm
  
  to the registry keys:
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ Run
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ RunServicesso that the worm runs when you start Windows.
Deletes the values:
- "Ssate.exe"
- "rate.exe"
- "d3dupdate.exe"
- "TaskMon"
- "Explorer"
  
  from the registry key:
  
  HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
Terminates the following processes:
- irun4.exe
- i11r54n4.exe
- winsys.exe
- bbeagle.exe
- taskmon.exe
Deletes the following files:
- %System%\irun4.exe
- %System%\i11r54n4.exe
- %System%\winsys.exe
- %System%\bbeagle.exe
- %System%\taskmon.exe
Deletes the service "Upnphost."
Terminates a large number of processes. Refer to "Processes" at the end of this "Technical Details" section for a complete list of process names.
Adds the following lines to the %System%\drivers\etc\hosts file, so that any attempts to connect to these Web sites fail:

127.0.0.1 www.trendmicro.com 127.0.0.1 trendmicro.com 127.0.0.1 rads.mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 us.mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 www.nai.com 127.0.0.1 nai.com 127.0.0.1 secure.nai.com 127.0.0.1 dispatch.mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 download.mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 www.my-etrust.com 127.0.0.1 my-etrust.com 127.0.0.1 mast.mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 ca.com 127.0.0.1 www.ca.com 127.0.0.1 networkassociates.com 127.0.0.1 www.networkassociates.com 127.0.0.1 avp.com 127.0.0.1 www.kaspersky.com 127.0.0.1 www.avp.com 127.0.0.1 kaspersky.com 127.0.0.1 www.f-secure.com 127.0.0.1 f-secure.com 127.0.0.1 viruslist.com 127.0.0.1 www.viruslist.com 127.0.0.1 mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 www.mcafee.com 127.0.0.1 sophos.com 127.0.0.1 www.sophos.com 127.0.0.1 updates.symantec.com 127.0.0.1 update.symantec.com 127.0.0.1 customer.symantec.com 127.0.0.1 liveupdate.symantec.com 127.0.0.1 symantec.com 127.0.0.1 securityresponse.symantec.com 127.0.0.1 www.symantec.com 127.0.0.1 liveupdate.symantecliveupdate.com
Attempts to spread to other computers using a number of methods, including:
- Sending itself to the backdoor ports that the Beagle and Mydoom families of worms open
- Using the WebDAV vulnerability
- Using the RPC DCOM vulnerability
- Using the Workstation service buffer overrun vulnerability
- Using the Microsoft Messenger Service Buffer Overrun Vulnerability
- Using the UPnP vulnerability
- Using the Locator service vulnerability
- Using the vulnerabilities in the Microsoft SQL Server 2000 or MSDE 2000 audit
Starts an FTP server on a randomly selected TCP port.
Connects to an IRC channel and waits for the commands. The worm recognizes a large number of commands and can be instructed to (among other things):
- Download and upload files via FTP and HTTP
- Run commands
- List and terminate processes
- List and terminate services
- Restart the computer
- Perform HTTP, ICMP, SYN, and UDP floods
- Retrieve email addresses stored on the computer
- Retrieve a list of email addresses via HTTP
- Retrieve a given URL
- Measure the speed of an infected computer's Internet connection, by sending HTTP GET requests to the following hosts:
  - yahoo.co.jp
  - www.nifty.com
  - www.d1asia.com
  - www.st.lib.keio.ac.jp
  - www.lib.nthu.edu.tw
  - www.above.net
  - www.level3.com
  - nitro.ucsc.edu
  - www.burst.net
  - www.cogentco.com
  - www.rit.edu
  - www.nocster.com
  - www.verio.com
  - www.stanford.edu
  - www.xo.net
  - de.yahoo.com
  - www.belwue.de
  - www.switch.ch
  - www.1und1.de
  - verio.fr
  - www.utwente.nl
  - www.schlund.net
- Sniff HTTP, FTP, and IRC traffic
- Disable other worms by deleting their files, associated registry values, and by terminating their processes.
Steals the Windows product ID and the CD keys of some games.
Tries to copy itself to other computers through the following shares:

c$
d$
e$
print$
admin$

User names:

aaa
abc
Admin
admin
administrador
Administrador
Administrat
Administrateur
Administrator
administrator
admins
asdf
bill
colin
computer
Convidado
Coordinatore
database
Default
Dell
dick
erik
Gast
george
Guest
home
Inviter
jim
kanri
kanri-sha
karl
kate
mark
mary
mgmt
mike
mypc
mysql
OEM
Ospite
Owner
OWNER
owner
patrick
peter
qwer
root
server
sql
stacey
stacy
Standard
stefan
steve
steven
student
teacher
temp
Test
tim
tom
user
User
Verwalter
win
wwwadmin
xyz

Passwords:
!@#$
!@#$%
!@#$%^
!@#$%^&
!@#$%^&*
000000
00000000
007
110
111
111111
11111111
121212
123
123123
1234
12345
123456
1234567
12345678
123456789
1234qwer
123abc
123asd
123qwe
1776
1778
2002
2004
2525
2600
54321
654321
666
88888888
aaa
abc
abc123
abcd
ACCESS
Admin
admin
admin$
admin123
administrador
Administrador
Administrat
Administrateur
ADMINISTRATOR
Administrator
administrator
admins
alpha
ami
amie
asdf
asdfgh
asdfghjkl
askaban
ASP
athlon
azerty
azkaban
baby
backdoor
BACKUP
beer
biere
bill
bong
BOX
box
Box
buckbeak
c$=c:
carte
cauldron
cederom
changeme
CNN
colin
computer
Convidado
Coordinatore
copin
copine
cran
crash
d$=d:
database
Default
Dell
dementor
devil
dick
dope
drugs
dude
dumbledore
e$=e:
ecran
enable
erik
fanny
feds
fish
foobar
fool
freak
fucked
Gast
gay
george
god
godblessyou
gryffindor
Guest
hagrid
harry
hax
hermine
hermione
hogwarts
home
homework
idiot
ihavenopass
imprimeur
Internet
Inviter
ipc$
iraq
jackdaniels
jim
kanri
kanri-sha
karl
kate
kids
leet
linux
LOCAL
Login
lol
love
madre
mark
mary
merde
metal
mgmt
mike
mince
moonshine
mouse
mybaby
mybox
mypass
mypc
mysql
newfie
newfy
noob
OEM
oil
opteron
oracle
ordinateur
Ospite
own
owned
Owner
OWNER
owner
pass
passwd
PASSWD
password
Password
password123
pat
patrick
penis
peter
PHP
poiut
poiuytrewq
porn
potter
private
pussy
pwd
pwned
quidditch
qwer
qwerty
qwertyuiop
r00t
red123
reseau
rom
ROOT
root
rooted
school
secret
secrets
server
SERVER
sex
share
souris
sql
stacey
stacy
Standard
stefan
steve
steven
student
super
superman
supersecret
switch
sybase
SYSTEM
teacher
TEMP
temp
tennessee
Tennessee
TEST
Test
test123
Texas
texas
tim
tom
UNIX
user
User
Usernames:
vagina
Verwalter
Washington
washington
werty
west
West
wh0re
whiskey
whisky
whore
win
windows2k
windows98
windowsME
WindowsXP
windoze
wmd
work
wwwadmin
xxx
xxyyzz
xyz
yxcv
zxcv
zxcvbnm

Processes
W32.Gaobot.ADV attempts to terminate the following processes, mentioned in step 7:

_AVP32.EXE
_AVPCC.EXE
_AVPM.EXE
ACKWIN32.EXE
ADAWARE.EXE
ADVXDWIN.EXE
AGENTSVR.EXE
AGENTW.EXE
ALERTSVC.EXE
ALEVIR.EXE
ALOGSERV.EXE
AMON9X.EXE
ANTI-TROJAN.EXE
ANTIVIRUS.EXE
ANTS.EXE
APIMONITOR.EXE
APLICA32.EXE
APVXDWIN.EXE
ARR.EXE
ATCON.EXE
ATGUARD.EXE
ATRO55EN.EXE
ATWATCH.EXE
AU.EXE
AUPDATE.EXE
AUTODOWN.EXE
AUTO-PROTECT.NAV80TRY.EXE
AUTOTRACE.EXE
AUTOUPDATE.EXE
AVCONSOL.EXE
AVE32.EXE
AVGCC32.EXE
AVGCTRL.EXE
AVGNT.EXE
AVGSERV.EXE
AVGSERV9.EXE
AVGUARD.EXE
AVGW.EXE
AVKPOP.EXE
AVKSERV.EXE
AVKSERVICE.EXE
AVKWCTl9.EXE
AVLTMAIN.EXE
AVNT.EXE
AVP.EXE
AVP32.EXE
AVPCC.EXE
AVPDOS32.EXE
AVPM.EXE
AVPTC32.EXE
AVPUPD.EXE
AVSCHED32.EXE
AVSYNMGR.EXE
AVWIN95.EXE
AVWINNT.EXE
AVWUPD.EXE
AVWUPD32.EXE
AVWUPSRV.EXE
AVXMONITOR9X.EXE
AVXMONITORNT.EXE
AVXQUAR.EXE
BACKWEB.EXE
BARGAINS.EXE
BD_PROFESSIONAL.EXE
BEAGLE.EXE
BELT.EXE
BIDEF.EXE
BIDSERVER.EXE
BIPCP.EXE
BIPCPEVALSETUP.EXE
BISP.EXE
BLACKD.EXE
BLACKICE.EXE
BLSS.EXE
BOOTCONF.EXE
BOOTWARN.EXE
BORG2.EXE
BPC.EXE
BRASIL.EXE
BS120.EXE
BUNDLE.EXE
BVT.EXE
CCAPP.EXE
CCEVTMGR.EXE
CCPXYSVC.EXE
CDP.EXE
CFD.EXE
CFGWIZ.EXE
CFIADMIN.EXE
CFIAUDIT.EXE
CFINET.EXE
CFINET32.EXE
Claw95.EXE
CLAW95CF.EXE
CLEAN.EXE
CLEANER.EXE
CLEANER3.EXE
CLEANPC.EXE
CLICK.EXE
CMD32.EXE
CMESYS.EXE
CMGRDIAN.EXE
CMON016.EXE
CONNECTIONMONITOR.EXE
CPD.EXE
CPF9X206.EXE
CPFNT206.EXE
CTRL.EXE
CV.EXE
CWNB181.EXE
CWNTDWMO.EXE
DATEMANAGER.EXE
DCOMX.EXE
DEFALERT.EXE
DEFSCANGUI.EXE
DEFWATCH.EXE
DEPUTY.EXE
DIVX.EXE
DLLCACHE.EXE
DLLREG.EXE
DOORS.EXE
DPF.EXE
DPFSETUP.EXE
DPPS2.EXE
DRWATSON.EXE
DRWEB32.EXE
DRWEBUPW.EXE
DSSAGENT.EXE
DVP95.EXE
DVP95_0.EXE
ECENGINE.EXE
EFPEADM.EXE
EMSW.EXE
ENT.EXE
ESAFE.EXE
ESCANH95.EXE
ESCANHNT.EXE
ESCANV95.EXE
ESPWATCH.EXE
ETHEREAL.EXE
ETRUSTCIPE.EXE
EVPN.EXE
EXANTIVIRUS-CNET.EXE
EXE.AVXW.EXE
EXPERT.EXE
EXPLORE.EXE
F-AGNT95.EXE
F-AGOBOT.EXE
FAMEH32.EXE
FAST.EXE
FCH32.EXE
FIH32.EXE
FINDVIRU.EXE
FIREWALL.EXE
FLOWPROTECTOR.EXE
FNRB32.EXE
FPROT.EXE
F-PROT.EXE
F-PROT95.EXE
FP-WIN.EXE
FP-WIN_TRIAL.EXE
FRW.EXE
FSAA.EXE
FSAV.EXE
FSAV32.EXE
FSAV530STBYB.EXE
FSAV530WTBYB.EXE
FSAV95.EXE
FSGK32.EXE
FSM32.EXE
FSMA32.EXE
FSMB32.EXE
F-STOPW.EXE
GATOR.EXE
GBMENU.EXE
GBPOLL.EXE
GENERICS.EXE
GMT.EXE
GUARD.EXE
GUARDDOG.EXE
HACKTRACERSETUP.EXE
HBINST.EXE
HBSRV.EXE
HIJACKTHIS.EXE
HOTACTIO.EXE
HOTPATCH.EXE
HTLOG.EXE
HTPATCH.EXE
HWPE.EXE
HXDL.EXE
HXIUL.EXE
IAMAPP.EXE
IAMSERV.EXE
IAMSTATS.EXE
IBMASN.EXE
IBMAVSP.EXE
ICLOAD95.EXE
ICLOADNT.EXE
ICMON.EXE
ICSUPP95.EXE
ICSUPPNT.EXE
IDLE.EXE
IEDLL.EXE
IEDRIVER.EXE
IEXPLORER.EXE
IFACE.EXE
IFW2000.EXE
INETLNFO.EXE
INFUS.EXE
INFWIN.EXE
INIT.EXE
INTDEL.EXE
INTREN.EXE
IOMON98.EXE
IPARMOR.EXE
IRIS.EXE
ISASS.EXE
ISRV95.EXE
ISTSVC.EXE
JAMMER.EXE
JDBGMRG.EXE
JEDI.EXE
KAVLITE40ENG.EXE
KAVPERS40ENG.EXE
KAVPF.EXE
KAZZA.EXE
KEENVALUE.EXE
KERIO-PF-213-EN-WIN.EXE
KERIO-WRL-421-EN-WIN.EXE
KERIO-WRP-421-EN-WIN.EXE
KERNEL32.EXE
KILLPROCESSSETUP161.EXE
LAUNCHER.EXE
LDNETMON.EXE
LDPRO.EXE
LDPROMENU.EXE
LDSCAN.EXE
LNETINFO.EXE
LOADER.EXE
LOCALNET.EXE
LOCKDOWN.EXE
LOCKDOWN2000.EXE
LOOKOUT.EXE
LORDPE.EXE
LSETUP.EXE
LUALL.EXE
LUAU.EXE
LUCOMSERVER.EXE
LUINIT.EXE
LUSPT.EXE
MAPISVC32.EXE
MCAGENT.EXE
MCMNHDLR.EXE
MCSHIELD.EXE
MCTOOL.EXE
MCUPDATE.EXE
MCVSRTE.EXE
MCVSSHLD.EXE
MD.EXE
MFIN32.EXE
MFW2EN.EXE
MFWENG3.02D30.EXE
MGAVRTCL.EXE
MGAVRTE.EXE
MGHTML.EXE
MGUI.EXE
MINILOG.EXE
MMOD.EXE
MONITOR.EXE
MOOLIVE.EXE
MOSTAT.EXE
MPFAGENT.EXE
MPFSERVICE.EXE
MPFTRAY.EXE
MRFLUX.EXE
MSAPP.EXE
MSBB.EXE
MSBLAST.EXE
MSCACHE.EXE
MSCCN32.EXE
MSCMAN.EXE
MSCONFIG.EXE
MSDM.EXE
MSDOS.EXE
MSIEXEC16.EXE
MSINFO32.EXE
MSLAUGH.EXE
MSMGT.EXE
MSMSGRI32.EXE
MSSMMC32.EXE
MSSYS.EXE
MSVXD.EXE
MU0311AD.EXE
MWATCH.EXE
N32SCANW.EXE
NAV.EXE
NAVAP.NAVAPSVC.EXE
NAVAPSVC.EXE
NAVAPW32.EXE
NAVDX.EXE
NAVENGNAVEX15.NAVLU32.EXE
NAVLU32.EXE
NAVNT.EXE
NAVSTUB.EXE
NAVW32.EXE
NAVWNT.EXE
NC2000.EXE
NCINST4.EXE
NDD32.EXE
NEOMONITOR.EXE
NEOWATCHLOG.EXE
NETARMOR.EXE
NETD32.EXE
NETINFO.EXE
NETMON.EXE
NETSCANPRO.EXE
NETSPYHUNTER-1.2.EXE
NETSTAT.EXE
NETUTILS.EXE
NISSERV.EXE
NISUM.EXE
NMAIN.EXE
NOD32.EXE
NORMIST.EXE
NORTON_INTERNET_SECU_3.0_407.EXE
NOTSTART.EXE
NPF40_TW_98_NT_ME_2K.EXE
NPFMESSENGER.EXE
NPROTECT.EXE
NPSCHECK.EXE
NPSSVC.EXE
NSCHED32.EXE
NSSYS32.EXE
NSTASK32.EXE
NSUPDATE.EXE
NT.EXE
NTRTSCAN.EXE
NTVDM.EXE
NTXconfig.EXE
NUI.EXE
NUPGRADE.EXE
NVARCH16.EXE
NVC95.EXE
NVSVC32.EXE
NWINST4.EXE
NWSERVICE.EXE
NWTOOL16.EXE
OLLYDBG.EXE
ONSRVR.EXE
OPTIMIZE.EXE
OSTRONET.EXE
OTFIX.EXE
OUTPOST.EXE
OUTPOSTINSTALL.EXE
OUTPOSTPROINSTALL.EXE
PADMIN.EXE
PANIXK.EXE
PATCH.EXE
PAVCL.EXE
PAVPROXY.EXE
PAVSCHED.EXE
PAVW.EXE
PCC2002S902.EXE
PCC2K_76_1436.EXE
PCCIOMON.EXE
PCCNTMON.EXE
PCCWIN97.EXE
PCCWIN98.EXE
PCDSETUP.EXE
PCFWALLICON.EXE
PCIP10117_0.EXE
PCSCAN.EXE
PDSETUP.EXE
PENIS.EXE
PERISCOPE.EXE
PERSFW.EXE
PERSWF.EXE
PF2.EXE
PFWADMIN.EXE
PGMONITR.EXE
PINGSCAN.EXE
PLATIN.EXE
POP3TRAP.EXE
POPROXY.EXE
POPSCAN.EXE
PORTDETECTIVE.EXE
PORTMONITOR.EXE
POWERSCAN.EXE
PPINUPDT.EXE
PPTBC.EXE
PPVSTOP.EXE
PRIZESURFER.EXE
PRMT.EXE
PRMVR.EXE
PROCDUMP.EXE
PROCESSMONITOR.EXE
PROCEXPLORERV1.0.EXE
PROGRAMAUDITOR.EXE
PROPORT.EXE
PROTECTX.EXE
PSPF.EXE
PURGE.EXE
PUSSY.EXE
PVIEW95.EXE
QCONSOLE.EXE
QSERVER.EXE
RAPAPP.EXE
RAV7.EXE
RAV7WIN.EXE
RAV8WIN32ENG.EXE
RAY.EXE
RB32.EXE
RCSYNC.EXE
REALMON.EXE
REGED.EXE
REGEDIT.EXE
REGEDT32.EXE
RESCUE.EXE
RESCUE32.EXE
RRGUARD.EXE
RSHELL.EXE
RTVSCAN.EXE
RTVSCN95.EXE
RULAUNCH.EXE
RUN32DLL.EXE
RUNDLL.EXE
RUNDLL16.EXE
RUXDLL32.EXE
SAFEWEB.EXE
SAHAGENT.EXE
SAVE.EXE
SAVENOW.EXE
SBSERV.EXE
SC.EXE
SCAM32.EXE
SCAN32.EXE
SCAN95.EXE
SCANPM.EXE
SCRSCAN.EXE
SCRSVR.EXE
SCVHOST.EXE
SD.EXE
SERV95.EXE
SERVICE.EXE
SERVLCE.EXE
SERVLCES.EXE
SETUP_FLOWPROTECTOR_US.EXE
SETUPVAMEEVAL.EXE
SFC.EXE
SGSSFW32.EXE
SH.EXE
SHELLSPYINSTALL.EXE
SHN.EXE
SHOWBEHIND.EXE
SMC.EXE
SMS.EXE
SMSS32.EXE
SOAP.EXE
SOFI.EXE
SPERM.EXE
SPF.EXE
SPHINX.EXE
SPOLER.EXE
SPOOLCV.EXE
SPOOLSV32.EXE
SPYXX.EXE
SREXE.EXE
SRNG.EXE
SS3EDIT.EXE
SSG_4104.EXE
SSGRATE.EXE
ST2.EXE
START.EXE
STCLOADER.EXE
SUPFTRL.EXE
SUPPORT.EXE
SUPPORTER5.EXE
SVC.EXE
SVCHOSTC.EXE
SVCHOSTS.EXE
SVSHOST.EXE
SWEEP95.EXE
SWEEPNET.SWEEPSRV.SYS.SWNETSUP.EXE
SYMPROXYSVC.EXE
SYMTRAY.EXE
SYSEDIT.EXE
SYSTEM.EXE
SYSTEM32.EXE
SYSUPD.EXE
TASKMG.EXE
TASKMO.EXE
TASKMON.EXE
TAUMON.EXE
TBSCAN.EXE
TC.EXE
TCA.EXE
TCM.EXE
TDS2-98.EXE
TDS2-NT.EXE
TDS-3.EXE
TEEKIDS.EXE
TFAK.EXE
TFAK5.EXE
TGBOB.EXE
TITANIN.EXE
TITANINXP.EXE
TRACERT.EXE
TRICKLER.EXE
TRJSCAN.EXE
TRJSETUP.EXE
TROJANTRAP3.EXE
TSADBOT.EXE
TVMD.EXE
TVTMD.EXE
UNDOBOOT.EXE
UPDAT.EXE
UPDATE.EXE
UPGRAD.EXE
UTPOST.EXE
VBCMSERV.EXE
VBCONS.EXE
VBUST.EXE
VBWIN9X.EXE
VBWINNTW.EXE
VCSETUP.EXE
VET32.EXE
VET95.EXE
VETTRAY.EXE
VFSETUP.EXE
VIR-HELP.EXE
VIRUSMDPERSONALFIREWALL.EXE
VNLAN300.EXE
VNPC3000.EXE
VPC32.EXE
VPC42.EXE
VPFW30S.EXE
VPTRAY.EXE
VSCAN40.EXE
VSCENU6.02D30.EXE
VSCHED.EXE
VSECOMR.EXE
VSHWIN32.EXE
VSISETUP.EXE
VSMAIN.EXE
VSMON.EXE
VSSTAT.EXE
VSWIN9XE.EXE
VSWINNTSE.EXE
VSWINPERSE.EXE
W32DSM89.EXE
W9X.EXE
WATCHDOG.EXE
WEBDAV.EXE
WEBSCANX.EXE
WEBTRAP.EXE
WFINDV32.EXE
WGFE95.EXE
WHOSWATCHINGME.EXE
WIMMUN32.EXE
WIN32.EXE
WIN32US.EXE
WINACTIVE.EXE
WIN-BUGSFIX.EXE
WINDOW.EXE
WINDOWS.EXE
WININETD.EXE
WININIT.EXE
WININITX.EXE
WINLOGIN.EXE
WINMAIN.EXE
WINNET.EXE
WINPPR32.EXE
WINRECON.EXE
WINSERVN.EXE
WINSSK32.EXE
WINSTART.EXE
WINSTART001.EXE
WINTSK32.EXE
WINUPDATE.EXE
WKUFIND.EXE
WNAD.EXE
WNT.EXE
WRADMIN.EXE
WRCTRL.EXE
WSBGATE.EXE
WUPDATER.EXE
WUPDT.EXE
WYVERNWORKSFIREWALL.EXE
XPF202EN.EXE
ZAPRO.EXE
ZAPSETUP3001.EXE
ZATUTOR.EXE
ZONALM2601.EXE
ZONEALARM.EXE

Recommendations

Symantec Security Response encourages all users and administrators to adhere to the following basic security "best practices":

Use a firewall to block all incoming connections from the Internet to services that should not be publicly available. By default, you should deny all incoming connections and only allow services you explicitly want to offer to the outside world.
Enforce a password policy. Complex passwords make it difficult to crack password files on compromised computers. This helps to prevent or limit damage when a computer is compromised.
Ensure that programs and users of the computer use the lowest level of privileges necessary to complete a task. When prompted for a root or UAC password, ensure that the program asking for administration-level access is a legitimate application.
Disable AutoPlay to prevent the automatic launching of executable files on network and removable drives, and disconnect the drives when not required. If write access is not required, enable read-only mode if the option is available.
Turn off file sharing if not needed. If file sharing is required, use ACLs and password protection to limit access. Disable anonymous access to shared folders. Grant access only to user accounts with strong passwords to folders that must be shared.
Turn off and remove unnecessary services. By default, many operating systems install auxiliary services that are not critical. These services are avenues of attack. If they are removed, threats have less avenues of attack.
If a threat exploits one or more network services, disable, or block access to, those services until a patch is applied.
Always keep your patch levels up-to-date, especially on computers that host public services and are accessible through the firewall, such as HTTP, FTP, mail, and DNS services.
Configure your email server to block or remove email that contains file attachments that are commonly used to spread threats, such as .vbs, .bat, .exe, .pif and .scr files.
Isolate compromised computers quickly to prevent threats from spreading further. Perform a forensic analysis and restore the computers using trusted media.
Train employees not to open attachments unless they are expecting them. Also, do not execute software that is downloaded from the Internet unless it has been scanned for viruses. Simply visiting a compromised Web site can cause infection if certain browser vulnerabilities are not patched.
If Bluetooth is not required for mobile devices, it should be turned off. If you require its use, ensure that the device's visibility is set to "Hidden" so that it cannot be scanned by other Bluetooth devices. If device pairing must be used, ensure that all devices are set to "Unauthorized", requiring authorization for each connection request. Do not accept applications that are unsigned or sent from unknown sources.
For further information on the terms used in this document, please refer to the Security Response glossary.

Writeup By: Yana Liu

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