Discovered: June 3, 2005
Updated: February 13, 2007 12:39:47 PM
Also Known As: Win32.Mytob.DW [Computer Assoc, Net-Worm.Win32.Mytob.be [Kaspe, W32/Mytob.bq@MM [McAfee], W32/Mytob-BE [Sophos], WORM_MYTOB.CM [Trend Micro]
Type: Worm
Systems Affected: Windows 2000, Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows NT, Windows Server 2003, Windows XP
When W32.Mytob.DF@mm is executed, it performs the following actions:
- Copies itself as %System%\beta.exe.
Note: %System% is a variable that refers to the System folder. By default this is C:\Windows\System (Windows 95/98/Me), C:\Winnt\System32 (Windows NT/2000), or C:\Windows\System32 (Windows XP).
- Adds the value:
"WINDOWS SYSTEM" = "beta.exe"
to the registry subkeys:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\
RunServices
so that the risk runs every time Windows starts.
- Adds the value:
"Start" = "4"
to the registry subkey:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\SharedAccess
to disable other programs at startup.
Note: The worm continually recreates these registry entries if they are deleted.
- Gathers email addresses from Windows Address Book and from files located on the compromised computer.
- Does not send itself to email addresses that contain any of the following strings:
- .gov
- .mil
- accoun
- acketst
- admin
- anyone
- arin.
- avp
- berkeley
- borlan
- bsd
- bsd
- bugs
- ca
- certific
- contact
- example
- feste
- fido
- foo.
- fsf.
- gnu
- gold-certs
- google
- google
- gov.
- help
- iana
- ibm.com
- icrosof
- icrosoft
- ietf
- info
- inpris
- isc.o
- isi.e
- kernel
- linux
- listserv
- math
- me
- mit.e
- mozilla
- mydomai
- no
- nobody
- nodomai
- noone
- not
- nothing
- ntivi
- page
- panda
- pgp
- postmaster
- privacy
- rating
- rfc-ed
- ripe.
- root
- ruslis
- samples
- secur
- sendmail
- service
- site
- soft
- somebody
- someone
- sopho
- submit
- support
- syma
- tanford.e
- the.bat
- unix
- unix
- usenet
- utgers.ed
- webmaster
- you
- your
- Uses its own SMTP engine to send itself to the email addresses that it finds. The email has the following characteristics:
Subject:
One of the following:
- Notice: **Last Warning**
- *DETECTED* Online User Violation
- Your Email Account is Suspended For Security Reasons
- Account Alert
- Important Notification
- *WARNING* Your Email Account Will Be Closed
- Security measures
- Email Account Suspension
- Notice of account limitation
The subject may be in upper or lower case.
Message:
One of the following:
- Once you have completed the form in the attached file , your account records will not be interrupted and will continue as normal.
- The original message has been included as an attachment.
- We regret to inform you that your account has been suspended due to the violation of our site policy, more info is attached.
- We attached some important information regarding your account.
- Please read the attached document and follow it's instructures.
Attachment:
One of the following:
- email-info
- email-doc
- information
- account-details
- document
- INFO
- instructions
- info-text
- information
- [random]
with one of the following as an extension:
- .pif
- .scr
- .exe
- .cmd
- .bat
- .zip
- Opens a back door by connecting to an IRC server irc.blackcarder.net on TCP port 7000. The worm then listens for commands that allow the remote attacker to perform various actions.
- Blocks access to several security-related Web sites by appending the following text to the Hosts file:
127.0.0.1 www.symantec.com
127.0.0.1 securityresponse.symantec.com
127.0.0.1 symantec.com
127.0.0.1 www.sophos.com
127.0.0.1 sophos.com
127.0.0.1 www.mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 liveupdate.symantecliveupdate.com
127.0.0.1 www.viruslist.com
127.0.0.1 viruslist.com
127.0.0.1 viruslist.com
127.0.0.1 f-secure.com
127.0.0.1 www.f-secure.com
127.0.0.1 kaspersky.com
127.0.0.1 kaspersky-labs.com
127.0.0.1 www.avp.com
127.0.0.1 www.kaspersky.com
127.0.0.1 avp.com
127.0.0.1 www.networkassociates.com
127.0.0.1 networkassociates.com
127.0.0.1 www.ca.com
127.0.0.1 ca.com
127.0.0.1 mast.mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 my-etrust.com
127.0.0.1 www.my-etrust.com
127.0.0.1 download.mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 dispatch.mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 secure.nai.com
127.0.0.1 nai.com
127.0.0.1 www.nai.com
127.0.0.1 update.symantec.com
127.0.0.1 updates.symantec.com
127.0.0.1 us.mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 liveupdate.symantec.com
127.0.0.1 customer.symantec.com
127.0.0.1 rads.mcafee.com
127.0.0.1 trendmicro.com
127.0.0.1 www.trendmicro.com
127.0.0.1 www.grisoft.com
127.0.0.1 www.microsoft.com
127.0.0.1 microsoft.com
127.0.0.1 www.msn.com
127.0.0.1 www.virustotal.com
127.0.0.1 virustotal.com
127.0.0.1 www.oxyd.fr
127.0.0.1 oxyd.fr
127.0.0.1 www.t35.com
127.0.0.1 t35.com
127.0.0.1 www.t35.net
127.0.0.1 t35.net
- Attempts to terminate the following processes:
- ACKWIN32.EXE
- ADAWARE.EXE
- ADVXDWIN.EXE
- AGENTSVR.EXE
- AGENTW.EXE
- ALERTSVC.EXE
- ALEVIR.EXE
- ALOGSERV.EXE
- AMON9X.EXE
- ANTI-TROJAN.EXE
- ANTIVIRUS.EXE
- ANTS.EXE
- APIMONITOR.EXE
- APLICA32.EXE
- APVXDWIN.EXE
- ARR.EXE
- ATCON.EXE
- ATGUARD.EXE
- ATRO55EN.EXE
- ATUPDATER.EXE
- ATUPDATER.EXE
- ATWATCH.EXE
- AU.EXE
- AUPDATE.EXE
- AUPDATE.EXE
- AUTODOWN.EXE
- AUTODOWN.EXE
- AUTOTRACE.EXE
- AUTOTRACE.EXE
- AUTOUPDATE.EXE
- AUTOUPDATE.EXE
- AVCONSOL.EXE
- AVE32.EXE
- AVGCC32.EXE
- AVGCTRL.EXE
- AVGNT.EXE
- AVGSERV.EXE
- AVGSERV9.EXE
- AVGUARD.EXE
- AVGW.EXE
- AVKPOP.EXE
- AVKSERV.EXE
- AVKSERVICE.EXE
- AVKWCTl9.EXE
- AVLTMAIN.EXE
- AVNT.EXE
- AVP.EXE
- AVP32.EXE
- AVPCC.EXE
- AVPDOS32.EXE
- AVPM.EXE
- AVPTC32.EXE
- AVPUPD.EXE
- AVPUPD.EXE
- AVSCHED32.EXE
- AVSYNMGR.EXE
- AVWINNT.EXE
- AVWUPD.EXE
- AVWUPD32.EXE
- AVWUPD32.EXE
- AVWUPSRV.EXE
- AVXMONITOR9X.EXE
- AVXMONITORNT.EXE
- AVXQUAR.EXE
- AVXQUAR.EXE
- BACKWEB.EXE
- BARGAINS.EXE
- BD_PROFESSIONAL.EXE
- BEAGLE.EXE
- BELT.EXE
- BIDEF.EXE
- BIDSERVER.EXE
- BIPCP.EXE
- BIPCPEVALSETUP.EXE
- BISP.EXE
- BLACKD.EXE
- BLACKICE.EXE
- BLSS.EXE
- BOOTCONF.EXE
- BOOTWARN.EXE
- BORG2.EXE
- BPC.EXE
- BRASIL.EXE
- BS120.EXE
- BUNDLE.EXE
- BVT.EXE
- CCAPP.EXE
- CCEVTMGR.EXE
- CCPXYSVC.EXE
- CDP.EXE
- CFD.EXE
- CFGWIZ.EXE
- CFIADMIN.EXE
- CFIAUDIT.EXE
- CFIAUDIT.EXE
- CFINET.EXE
- CFINET32.EXE
- CLEAN.EXE
- CLEANER.EXE
- CLEANER3.EXE
- CLEANPC.EXE
- CLICK.EXE
- CMD.EXE
- CMD32.EXE
- CMESYS.EXE
- CMGRDIAN.EXE
- CMON016.EXE
- CONNECTIONMONITOR.EXE
- CPD.EXE
- CPF9X206.EXE
- CPFNT206.EXE
- CTRL.EXE
- CV.EXE
- CWNB181.EXE
- CWNTDWMO.EXE
- CLAW95CF.EXE
- DATEMANAGER.EXE
- DCOMX.EXE
- DEFALERT.EXE
- DEFSCANGUI.EXE
- DEFWATCH.EXE
- DEPUTY.EXE
- DIVX.EXE
- DLLCACHE.EXE
- DLLREG.EXE
- DOORS.EXE
- DPF.EXE
- DPFSETUP.EXE
- DPPS2.EXE
- DRWATSON.EXE
- DRWEB32.EXE
- DRWEBUPW.EXE
- DSSAGENT.EXE
- DVP95.EXE
- DVP95_0.EXE
- ECENGINE.EXE
- EFPEADM.EXE
- EMSW.EXE
- ENT.EXE
- ESAFE.EXE
- ESCANHNT.EXE
- ESCANV95.EXE
- ESPWATCH.EXE
- ETHEREAL.EXE
- ETRUSTCIPE.EXE
- EVPN.EXE
- EXANTIVIRUS-CNET.EXE
- EXE.AVXW.EXE
- EXPERT.EXE
- EXPLORE.EXE
- F-PROT.EXE
- F-PROT95.EXE
- F-STOPW.EXE
- FAMEH32.EXE
- FAST.EXE
- FCH32.EXE
- FIH32.EXE
- FINDVIRU.EXE
- FIREWALL.EXE
- FNRB32.EXE
- FP-WIN.EXE
- FP-WIN_TRIAL.EXE
- FPROT.EXE
- FRW.EXE
- FSAA.EXE
- FSAV.EXE
- FSAV32.EXE
- FSAV530STBYB.EXE
- FSAV530WTBYB.EXE
- FSAV95.EXE
- FSGK32.EXE
- FSM32.EXE
- FSMA32.EXE
- FSMB32.EXE
- GATOR.EXE
- GBMENU.EXE
- GBPOLL.EXE
- GENERICS.EXE
- GMT.EXE
- GUARD.EXE
- GUARDDOG.EXE
- HACKTRACERSETUP.EXE
- HBINST.EXE
- HBSRV.EXE
- HOTACTIO.EXE
- HOTPATCH.EXE
- HTLOG.EXE
- HTPATCH.EXE
- HWPE.EXE
- HXDL.EXE
- HXIUL.EXE
- IAMAPP.EXE
- IAMSERV.EXE
- IAMSTATS.EXE
- IBMASN.EXE
- IBMAVSP.EXE
- ICLOADNT.EXE
- ICMON.EXE
- ICSUPP95.EXE
- ICSUPPNT.EXE
- IDLE.EXE
- IEDLL.EXE
- IEDRIVER.EXE
- IEXPLORER.EXE
- IFACE.EXE
- IFW2000.EXE
- INETLNFO.EXE
- INFUS.EXE
- INFWIN.EXE
- INIT.EXE
- INTDEL.EXE
- INTREN.EXE
- IOMON98.EXE
- ISTSVC.EXE
- JAMMER.EXE
- JDBGMRG.EXE
- JEDI.EXE
- KAVLITE40ENG.EXE
- KAVPERS40ENG.EXE
- KAVPF.EXE
- KAZZA.EXE
- KEENVALUE.EXE
- KERIO-PF-213-EN-WIN.EXE
- KERIO-WRL-421-EN-WIN.EXE
- KERIO-WRP-421-EN-WIN.EXE
- KERNEL32.EXE
- KILLPROCESSSETUP161.EXE
- LAUNCHER.EXE
- LDNETMON.EXE
- LDPRO.EXE
- LDPROMENU.EXE
- LDSCAN.EXE
- LNETINFO.EXE
- LOADER.EXE
- LOCALNET.EXE
- LOCKDOWN.EXE
- LOCKDOWN2000.EXE
- LOOKOUT.EXE
- LORDPE.EXE
- LSETUP.EXE
- LUALL.EXE
- LUALL.EXE
- LUAU.EXE
- LUCOMSERVER.EXE
- LUINIT.EXE
- LUSPT.EXE
- MAPISVC32.EXE
- MCAGENT.EXE
- MCMNHDLR.EXE
- MCSHIELD.EXE
- MCTOOL.EXE
- MCUPDATE.EXE
- MCUPDATE.EXE
- MCVSRTE.EXE
- MCVSSHLD.EXE
- MD.EXE
- MFIN32.EXE
- MFW2EN.EXE
- MFWENG3.02D30.EXE
- MGAVRTCL.EXE
- MGAVRTE.EXE
- MGHTML.EXE
- MGUI.EXE
- MINILOG.EXE
- MMOD.EXE
- MONITOR.EXE
- MOOLIVE.EXE
- MOSTAT.EXE
- MPFAGENT.EXE
- MPFSERVICE.EXE
- MPFTRAY.EXE
- MRFLUX.EXE
- MSAPP.EXE
- MSBB.EXE
- MSBLAST.EXE
- MSCACHE.EXE
- MSCCN32.EXE
- MSCMAN.EXE
- MSCONFIG.EXE
- MSDM.EXE
- MSDOS.EXE
- MSIEXEC16.EXE
- MSINFO32.EXE
- MSLAUGH.EXE
- MSMGT.EXE
- MSMSGRI32.EXE
- MSSMMC32.EXE
- MSSYS.EXE
- MSVXD.EXE
- MU0311AD.EXE
- MWATCH.EXE
- N32SCANW.EXE
- NAV.EXE
- AUTO-PROTECT.NAV80TRY.EXE
- NAVAP.NAVAPSVC.EXE
- NAVAPSVC.EXE
- NAVAPW32.EXE
- NAVDX.EXE
- NAVLU32.EXE
- NAVNT.EXE
- NAVSTUB.EXE
- NAVW32.EXE
- NAVWNT.EXE
- NC2000.EXE
- NCINST4.EXE
- NDD32.EXE
- NEOMONITOR.EXE
- NEOWATCHLOG.EXE
- NETARMOR.EXE
- NETD32.EXE
- NETINFO.EXE
- NETMON.EXE
- NETSCANPRO.EXE
- NETSPYHUNTER-1.2.EXE
- NETSTAT.EXE
- NETUTILS.EXE
- NISSERV.EXE
- NISUM.EXE
- NMAIN.EXE
- NOD32.EXE
- NORMIST.EXE
- NORTON_INTERNET_SECU_3.0_407.EXE
- NOTSTART.EXE
- NPF40_TW_98_NT_ME_2K.EXE
- NPFMESSENGER.EXE
- NPROTECT.EXE
- NPSCHECK.EXE
- NPSSVC.EXE
- NSCHED32.EXE
- NSSYS32.EXE
- NSTASK32.EXE
- NSUPDATE.EXE
- NT.EXE
- NTRTSCAN.EXE
- NTVDM.EXE
- NTXconfig.EXE
- NUI.EXE
- NUPGRADE.EXE
- NUPGRADE.EXE
- NVARCH16.EXE
- NVC95.EXE
- NVSVC32.EXE
- NWINST4.EXE
- NWSERVICE.EXE
- NWTOOL16.EXE
- OLLYDBG.EXE
- ONSRVR.EXE
- OPTIMIZE.EXE
- OSTRONET.EXE
- OTFIX.EXE
- OUTPOST.EXE
- OUTPOST.EXE
- OUTPOSTINSTALL.EXE
- OUTPOSTPROINSTALL.EXE
- PADMIN.EXE
- PANIXK.EXE
- PATCH.EXE
- PAVCL.EXE
- PAVPROXY.EXE
- PAVSCHED.EXE
- PAVW.EXE
- PCFWALLICON.EXE
- PCIP10117_0.EXE
- PCSCAN.EXE
- PDSETUP.EXE
- PERISCOPE.EXE
- PERSFW.EXE
- PERSWF.EXE
- PF2.EXE
- PFWADMIN.EXE
- PGMONITR.EXE
- PINGSCAN.EXE
- PLATIN.EXE
- POP3TRAP.EXE
- POPROXY.EXE
- POPSCAN.EXE
- PORTDETECTIVE.EXE
- PORTMONITOR.EXE
- POWERSCAN.EXE
- PPINUPDT.EXE
- PPTBC.EXE
- PPVSTOP.EXE
- PRIZESURFER.EXE
- PRMT.EXE
- PRMVR.EXE
- PROCDUMP.EXE
- PROCESSMONITOR.EXE
- PROCEXPLORERV1.0.EXE
- PROGRAMAUDITOR.EXE
- PROPORT.EXE
- PROTECTX.EXE
- PSPF.EXE
- PURGE.EXE
- QCONSOLE.EXE
- QSERVER.EXE
- RAPAPP.EXE
- RAV7.EXE
- RAV7WIN.EXE
- RAV8WIN32ENG.EXE
- RAY.EXE
- RB32.EXE
- RCSYNC.EXE
- REALMON.EXE
- REGED.EXE
- REGEDIT.EXE
- REGEDT32.EXE
- RESCUE.EXE
- RESCUE32.EXE
- RRGUARD.EXE
- RSHELL.EXE
- RTVSCAN.EXE
- RTVSCN95.EXE
- RULAUNCH.EXE
- RUN32DLL.EXE
- RUNDLL.EXE
- RUNDLL16.EXE
- RUXDLL32.EXE
- SAFEWEB.EXE
- SAHAGENT.EXE
- SAVE.EXE
- SAVENOW.EXE
- SBSERV.EXE
- SC.EXE
- SCAM32.EXE
- SCAN32.EXE
- SCAN95.EXE
- SCANPM.EXE
- SCRSCAN.EXE
- SETUPVAMEEVAL.EXE
- SETUP_FLOWPROTECTOR_US.EXE
- SFC.EXE
- SGSSFW32.EXE
- SH.EXE
- SHELLSPYINSTALL.EXE
- SHN.EXE
- SHOWBEHIND.EXE
- SMC.EXE
- SMS.EXE
- SMSS32.EXE
- SOAP.EXE
- SOFI.EXE
- SPERM.EXE
- SPF.EXE
- SPHINX.EXE
- SPOLER.EXE
- SPOOLCV.EXE
- SPOOLSV32.EXE
- SPYXX.EXE
- SREXE.EXE
- SRNG.EXE
- SS3EDIT.EXE
- SSGRATE.EXE
- SSG_4104.EXE
- ST2.EXE
- START.EXE
- STCLOADER.EXE
- SUPFTRL.EXE
- SUPPORT.EXE
- SUPPORTER5.EXE
- SVC.EXE
- SVCHOSTC.EXE
- SVCHOSTS.EXE
- SVSHOST.EXE
- SWEEP95.EXE
- SWEEPNET.SWEEPSRV.SYS.SWNETSUP.EXE
- SYMPROXYSVC.EXE
- SYMTRAY.EXE
- SYSEDIT.EXE
- SYSTEM.EXE
- SYSTEM32.EXE
- SYSUPD.EXE
- TASKMG.EXE
- TASKMGR.EXE
- TASKMO.EXE
- TASKMON.EXE
- TAUMON.EXE
- TBSCAN.EXE
- TC.EXE
- TCA.EXE
- TCM.EXE
- TDS-3.EXE
- TDS2-NT.EXE
- TEEKIDS.EXE
- TFAK.EXE
- TFAK5.EXE
- TGBOB.EXE
- TITANIN.EXE
- TITANINXP.EXE
- TRACERT.EXE
- TRICKLER.EXE
- TRJSCAN.EXE
- TRJSETUP.EXE
- TROJANTRAP3.EXE
- TSADBOT.EXE
- TVMD.EXE
- TVTMD.EXE
- UNDOBOOT.EXE
- UPDAT.EXE
- UPDATE.EXE
- UPDATE.EXE
- UPGRAD.EXE
- UTPOST.EXE
- VBCMSERV.EXE
- VBCONS.EXE
- VBUST.EXE
- VBWIN9X.EXE
- VBWINNTW.EXE
- VCSETUP.EXE
- VET32.EXE
- VET95.EXE
- VETTRAY.EXE
- VFSETUP.EXE
- VIR-HELP.EXE
- VIRUSMDPERSONALFIREWALL.EXE
- VNLAN300.EXE
- VNPC3000.EXE
- VPC32.EXE
- VPC42.EXE
- VPFW30S.EXE
- VPTRAY.EXE
- VSCAN40.EXE
- VSCENU6.02D30.EXE
- VSCHED.EXE
- VSECOMR.EXE
- VSHWIN32.EXE
- VSISETUP.EXE
- VSMAIN.EXE
- VSMON.EXE
- VSSTAT.EXE
- VSWIN9XE.EXE
- VSWINNTSE.EXE
- VSWINPERSE.EXE
- W32DSM89.EXE
- W9X.EXE
- WATCHDOG.EXE
- WEBDAV.EXE
- WEBSCANX.EXE
- WEBTRAP.EXE
- WFINDV32.EXE
- WHOSWATCHINGME.EXE
- WIMMUN32.EXE
- WIN-BUGSFIX.EXE
- WIN32.EXE
- WIN32US.EXE
- WINACTIVE.EXE
- WINDOW.EXE
- WINDOWS.EXE
- WININETD.EXE
- WININIT.EXE
- WININITX.EXE
- WINLOGIN.EXE
- WINMAIN.EXE
- WINNET.EXE
- WINPPR32.EXE
- WINRECON.EXE
- WINSERVN.EXE
- WINSSK32.EXE
- WINSTART.EXE
- WINSTART001.EXE
- WINTSK32.EXE
- WINUPDATE.EXE
- WKUFIND.EXE
- WNAD.EXE
- WNT.EXE
- WRADMIN.EXE
- WRCTRL.EXE
- WSBGATE.EXE
- WUPDATER.EXE
- WUPDT.EXE
- WYVERNWORKSFIREWALL.EXE
- XPF202EN.EXE
- ZAPRO.EXE
- ZAPSETUP3001.EXE
- ZATUTOR.EXE
- ZONALM2601.EXE
- ZONEALARM.EXE
- _AVP32.EXE
- _AVPCC.EXE
- _AVPM.EXE
Recommendations
Symantec Security Response encourages all users and administrators to adhere to the following basic security "best practices":
- Use a firewall to block all incoming connections from the Internet to services that should not be publicly available. By default, you should deny all incoming connections and only allow services you explicitly want to offer to the outside world.
- Enforce a password policy. Complex passwords make it difficult to crack password files on compromised computers. This helps to prevent or limit damage when a computer is compromised.
- Ensure that programs and users of the computer use the lowest level of privileges necessary to complete a task. When prompted for a root or UAC password, ensure that the program asking for administration-level access is a legitimate application.
- Disable AutoPlay to prevent the automatic launching of executable files on network and removable drives, and disconnect the drives when not required. If write access is not required, enable read-only mode if the option is available.
- Turn off file sharing if not needed. If file sharing is required, use ACLs and password protection to limit access. Disable anonymous access to shared folders. Grant access only to user accounts with strong passwords to folders that must be shared.
- Turn off and remove unnecessary services. By default, many operating systems install auxiliary services that are not critical. These services are avenues of attack. If they are removed, threats have less avenues of attack.
- If a threat exploits one or more network services, disable, or block access to, those services until a patch is applied.
- Always keep your patch levels up-to-date, especially on computers that host public services and are accessible through the firewall, such as HTTP, FTP, mail, and DNS services.
- Configure your email server to block or remove email that contains file attachments that are commonly used to spread threats, such as .vbs, .bat, .exe, .pif and .scr files.
- Isolate compromised computers quickly to prevent threats from spreading further. Perform a forensic analysis and restore the computers using trusted media.
- Train employees not to open attachments unless they are expecting them. Also, do not execute software that is downloaded from the Internet unless it has been scanned for viruses. Simply visiting a compromised Web site can cause infection if certain browser vulnerabilities are not patched.
- If Bluetooth is not required for mobile devices, it should be turned off. If you require its use, ensure that the device's visibility is set to "Hidden" so that it cannot be scanned by other Bluetooth devices. If device pairing must be used, ensure that all devices are set to "Unauthorized", requiring authorization for each connection request. Do not accept applications that are unsigned or sent from unknown sources.
- For further information on the terms used in this document, please refer to the Security Response glossary.
Writeup By: Yana Liu
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