Tiago,
From the screenshots you've provided you have only Multiple GUPs set-up and clients will never fallback to the SEPM for definitions if a GUP is not available. I would suggest three possible course of actions:
1. Stay with Multiple GUPs with no fallback option - you must make sure that you have a GUP configured for each and every subnet in your network
2. Stay with multiple GUPs but enable the fallback option - you have to enable the option for the clients to go to the SEPM for content updates after GUP is unavailable for X minutes/hours/days
3. Go for Explicit GUP mapping - you'll have to map subnets to specific GUPs; good thing is that with 14 VLSM was introduced and it's relatively easy task as long as you have the company's network infra
Hope some of these help