Hi,
Envelope sender vs. From:
Every mail is sent to you via a strict sequence, for details take a look at smtp-rfcs, eg https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5321
Simplified:
1. Sending Server connects to your mail server, targeted via mx-record - should receive 220 with greeting from you
2. Sends ehlo FQDN ... full qualified domain name, should be a a-record in dns - should receive 250 with capabilities like starttls, max size, etc from you
3. MAIL FROM: ... Sender specifies the envelope sender, like in earlier days done with paper envelopes - should receive 250 ok if you dont comply (senders domain is registered etc)
4. RCPT TO: ... recipient of the mail
5. DATA ... now, here goes the content, text, attachments, etc
In the beginning of the data section the sender gives (must, should, can) you subject, date, mime-version and so forth.
The sender usually gives you FROM: and TO: within the data-section again - only the coding is a bit different for smtp-address "<>" and the displayname.
Be aware of the fact outlook will only show the FROM, no way to get to the envelope sender.
Hope this will cover all your qwuestions
Regards
Thomas